FRONTEX • EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY IDENTIFICATION OF THB VICTIMS Author:

POSSIBLE EXERCISE 3 MIGRANTS PROFILES IDENTIFY POTENTIAL VICTIMS AND EXPLAIN WHY IS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY 2

1                                         2                                     3 Country: Eritrea                          Country: Ghana                         Country: Nigeria Place of origin: Keren (Anseba region)    Place of origin: Aflao (Volta region)  Place of origin: Benin City (Edo State) Ethnic group: Tigriynia                   Ethnic group: Ewe                      Age: claims to be 20 Age: 22                                   Age: claims to be 18 (looks            Documents: none Documents: none                           younger)                               Situation: Situation:                                Documents: none                        Acts like she is travelling alone, but it Travels with a small group.               Situation:                             is visible that she travels with a group Seems to know the other members of        Travels with a man that she says it’s  of 4 women (3 younger and one older, the group.                                her father. Shows no familiarity       around 40y). Carries a bag and some personal items     with him and no physical               She gives contradictory information Wants to go to Sweden, to Malmo,          resemblance.                           about the journey and personal where she has a sister.                   Doesn’t carry personal items.          situation. She can explain the route (Eritreia-      Doesn’t know where she is going        As few personal items, that include Sudan-Libya)                              (country or city), but say she will be small notes with Bible verses. joining family.                        As some dissimulated signs of physical Behaviour: Seems afraid to talk to        Cannot give information about the      abuse authorities. But talks freely with her    route and travel.                      Behaviour: Shows an aggressive group                                     Behaviour: Show signs of distress.     attitude when asked questions. She is able to explain parts of the trip  She is shy and avoids eye contact.     When asked questions looks to the and the arrangements made                 Looks to the “father” when you ask     older women. her questions, looking for answers. Seems afraid to answer. iS: FRON TEX Ill        EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                                                     3

HOW TO IDENTIFY THB VICTIMS Keep in mind:  Victims of trafficking include men, women and children  Victims of THB are victims of a crime – not criminals iS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                      4

HOW TO IDENTIFY THB VICTIMS Keep in mind:  Identification is fundamental to assist and protect the rights of victims  THB is a human rights violation – victims might need special protection  In many cases the victims may not identify themselves as victims of THB and/or ask for help iS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                        5

HOW TO IDENTIFY THB VICTIMS THB Indicators:  An indicator indicator is a signal that should attract the attention of the officer.  It is a clue  They are not evidence  There are general basic indicators and specific indicators Rule 0+0+0+0+0=1 IS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                       6

HOW TO IDENTIFY THB VICTIMS General basis indicators:    Age    Gender    Location of Origin    Documents    Last location    Transport    Signs of abuse or mistreatment/self-harm    Behaviour Indicatiors may vary: - Type of exploitation - In time - In place (may even be local) IS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                               7

HOW TO IDENTIFY THB VICTIMS Most common types of THB are those for: Sexual Sexua exploitation exploitat·o                  Labour exploitation With means of control     cont ol used by traffickers Child victim of THB iS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                     8

HOW TO ASSIST / NEEDS OF VICTIMS By identifying a potential victim of trafficking, you can contribute to:  Help prevent criminal acts and continuation of exploitation  Contribute to the protection of (potential) victims  Facilitate and start procedures for the prosecution of traffickers The identification is crucial to allow victims to receive:  Assistance  Protection (including international protection) IS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                    9

HOW TO ASSIST / NEEDS OF VICTIMS What kind of assistance should be provided (before, during and after):  Information and communication  Medical, psychological and emotional  Direct support IS: FRON TEX Ill EUROPEAN BORDER AND COAST GUARD AGENCY                    10