There is a set of critical and minor mistakes designed for assessment purposes and used by the trainers during the specific scenario. General critical mistakes related to all exercises are: •  Officers safety and security, which will lead to life endangerment (examples: transportation of an unchecked person •  Un-safe approach to the clients •  Misuse of coercive or authority/ exceeding the use of force or violation of individual fundamental rights •  Not separating searched from unsearched persons •  No checks of ID in database General minor mistakes related to all exercises are: •  Reporting to Command Centre in front of a client – discrete surveillance •  Un-proper reporting •  Neglecting internal and external communication •  Without delegation of tasks / division of tasks within the team •  Evidence gathering and protection •  No dialog/communication with the opponent – not explaining measures or actions to the opponent. Trainers assess participants individually, but also take into consideration the performance of the team. __________________________________________________________________________________ 11

2. PRACTICAL GUIDE 2.1 General Joint Teams perform preventive and repressive tasks, by respecting the main purposes of the surveillance of external borders at places other than border crossing-points and surveillance of these crossing-points outside opening hours: •      to prevent, and discourage, unauthorised border crossings •      to counter cross-border criminality •      to apply or take measures against persons who have crossed the border illegally. Border surveillance duties are performed in full compliance of the relevant EU and international law, national laws of the Host Member States, obligations related to access to international protection and fundamental rights. As stated before, the contact-learning phase is organized over five consecutive working days as an extensive simulated joint operation, with a variety of exercises aimed to show the participants how to best perform these tasks and fulfil their duties. __________________________________________________________________________________ 12

During the contact-learning phase, the trainers and trainees are in national uniform, ready for border guarding (fully equipped, without real weapons, but with artificial training weapons). Working days are organized from 9:00h to 17:00h (4x1,5 hour timeslots) with two coffee breaks and lunch break. Due to organizational issues with availability of training logistics, the agenda could be slightly amended, but it should be announced in advance to participants. The training is conducted at premises of a Partnership Academy. It is necessary to create and provide each team with a map of the area. When selecting locations for specific exercises, it is important that the locations are suitable to the content of the exercise and allows to achieve the respective learning outcomes. __________________________________________________________________________________ 13

Example of the weekly schedule: EBCGT LBS Training 2019 First day               Second day              Third day          Fourth day             Fifth day 09:00    Operational      09:00 Exercising 09:00   Exercising in  09:00 -        Briefing         -    in Join     -       a shift with   -      Debriefing 10:30 (only for training) 10:30  Teams     10:30     other Join   10:30 -     General          Specific              Teams part               shift              involved- -     National        schedule               parallel part            available           feedback of reports Coffee break 11:00                     11:00 Exercising 11:00   Exercising in  11:00 -         Radio           -    in Join     -       a shift with   -      Debriefing 12:30  communication      12:30  Teams     12:30     other Join   12:30 exercise               Specific              Teams shift              involved- schedule               parallel available           feedback of reports Lunch break 13:30                   13:30                     13:30 Exercising 13:30                  13:30 -           Arrival     -         Radio           -    in Join     -    Compensation      -     Intercultural 15:00                   15:30  communication      15:30  Teams     15:30  time off        17:30   Awareness exercise               Specific shift schedule available Coffee break Introduction 15:30  Tactical training  15:30 Exercising 19:30  Exercising in   18:30      Official 18:30           and       -           in            -    in Join     -    a nightshift      -      Dinner with welcome    17:00   Joint Teams       17:00  Teams     23:00  with other Join 23:00      closure Specific         Teams                    ceremony shift          involved                     and schedule                                    handover available                                       of certificates __________________________________________________________________________________ 14

The non-disclosed part contains personal data, in particular the names of individuals. Example of a training map (in this caseThe the disclosure  wouldinundermine training facility             the protection of privacy and Valbandon/Croatia): the integrity of the individual, in particular in accordance with European Union legislation regarding the protection of personal data and therefore has to be precluded pursuant to Article 4(1)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001. __________________________________________________________________________________ 15

2.2 Training logistics In order to create an artificial Joint Operation in a training environment, following logistics are required for this activity: Personal -   Minimum 7 trainers (1 in operational centre + 6 for observing the joint teams in the operational scenarios) -   8-10 actors for scenario based role-play exercises Premises -   Minimum 2 classrooms (1 for operational centre and 1 for report writing) -   Compound for radio communication exercise and 3 scenarios for typical border related situations -   Wider area outside of compound for exercising in a shift with other Joint Teams involved -   Premises and training area suitable for night shift, low-light exercises Equippment - The   non-disclosed part contains detailed information regarding the modus operandi of 7 laptops - law   enforcement officials Copy-print-scan   device performing border control. Disclosing such information would - expose 18 setstheof working basic methods   appliedequipment border guard     in ongoing and future (belt,     operations, baton,          thus handcuff,     obstructing artificial weapons,   pepper  spray, torches,  etc.) their effectiveness in prevention of cross-border crime and unauthorized border - crossings. ProjectorIn consequence, it would undermine the protection of the public interest as - 3 service and 1 civilian vehicles regards  public - 14 radio sets    security and  thus, cannot  be disclosed pursuant  to Article 4(1)(a)   first indent of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001. - Trainer vests, 12x Frontex blue armbands, red armbands for actors - Other equipment described in the scenarios (check Annexes with Trainers packs) 2.3 First training day The first day is scheduled for the arrival of trainers and trainees and the introduction exercise in the evening. During the introduction exercise, the training plan and program are presented to the participants. The intention of the introduction exercise is not only to get acquainted to each other, it is also important to get background information about each participant in order to set up the Joint Teams for the week. It should be a balance between experienced and not experienced officers in each team and it should be ensured that they are not coming from the same country or speak the same native language. This will ensure that all participants have to communicate in English the entire week. The best way to conduct this exercise is to use an “icebreaker game” (quiz, group game, interview,). Basic information, which are relevant for forming teams, are: - country of origin - working experience - gender __________________________________________________________________________________ 16

- previous participation in Frontex training activities and / or Joint Operations Based on received information trainers will compose 6 patrols (Alfa 1, Alfa 2…. Alfa 6). Participants will work the whole week in the same patrols in order to build a up a team spirit. 2.4 Second training day General and national briefing Second day of the training starts with general and national briefing like in a real Joint Operation. The topics for the briefing are taken from an original Operational Plan and adjusted for the invented artificial country Europia. The aim of this session is also to explain to all participants that a briefing is mandatory and after each briefing all logistical and/or legal issues should be clarified with host Member State in order to be fully operational after the briefing. For example, are there any specific procedures in the host country for using coercive? Where is the storage for the weapon organized? Who are my points of contact? At the end of the briefing, all participant will be divided into the teams (6 patrols). Radio communication exercise starts after the briefing. For this purpose, command center of the JO “Europia” will be established, with minimum 1 trainer as operator. Radio communication exercise For law enforcement officers, communication and reporting are essential tasks in daily duty to: • inform colleagues about an incident or emergency case • gain intelligence • share intelligence with colleagues in order to initiate actions • request support • fulfil obligations to reporting procedures (Serious Incident Report, JORA, etc) • Initiate follow-up procedures like criminal investigations, prevention actions, etc. The non-disclosed part contains detailed information regarding the modus operandi of law enforcement    officials In practice, an         performing officer            border of the host      control. Member        Disclosing State  alwayssuch informationthe accompanies       would  expose the deployed working    methods applied team members.       However, in ongoing  and future in emergency       operations, cases,  a teamthus   obstructing member     shouldtheir effectiveness be able  to communicate     and   to report  in an appropriate  way.  General  instruction for transmitting in prevention of cross-border crime and unauthorized border crossings. In consequence, it would messages,     as  well   as   International Phonetic    Alphabet  and   radio  communication undermine the protection of the public interest as regards public security and thus, cannot be procedures are written down in the Land Border Surveillance Officer Handbook of Best disclosed pursuant to Article 4(1)(a) first indent of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001. Practices. For this exercise, participants are divided into six patrols (Joint Teams) – Alpha 1 - Alpha 6 – which are sent to six different locations in the training area. On four locations, trainers will supervise their activities. Two locations are without trainer. __________________________________________________________________________________ 17

First tasks for the patrols is to locate and move to appointed locations and to report to command centre, transmitting their location. Second task for patrols is to reach specific locations given by the Command Centre and to complete tasks at the spot. After finishing one task, they receive the next task from command centre, and have to move to a new position. During the radio communication exercise there is the possibility to move 5 times and receive five tasks, depending on the time schedule. After completing all tasks patrols move back to the command centre for feedback session. Through this exercise, participants should be aware about the importance of delivering accurate information via radio and how a lack of communication could have impact in a real life situation. Radio communication exercise is more detailed in Annex VII. For the assessment, following aspects are of importance: - Usage of NATO Alphabet - Radio communication procedures - Communication and interaction among the team Average use of all three benchmarks is required for passing the exercise. If one of the benchmarks is continuously misconducted, it will lead to failing the exercise. Generally, radio communication exercise is considered as a minor mistake and only in combination of failing in report writing will be considered as critical mistake. Tactical training in Joint Teams - workshop The aim of this workshop is to enhance team spirit, exchange best practise and establish common procedures in a team for typical border related actions like establishing identity, search of a person, usage of handcuffs, etc. There is no separate assessment, but trainers will observe: o Procedures during security search of a person in a team and usage of handcuffs o Communication before and during the measures. __________________________________________________________________________________ 18

2.5 Third training day The patrols have to work in a day shift in the Joint Operation Europia as a Joint Team. During this day, they have to pass three scenarios on three different locations. In the morning before the shift starts, they receive first their shift briefing. The Joint Teams have to be in a specific time at a specific location where the scenario takes place. After each scenario, the trainers provide their feedback to the trainees according the feedback rules. Time for the necessary reporting procedures is foreseen between each scenario. There are three scenarios for each team o Vehicle checkpoint - trafficking in human beings, o Rucksack at the border line – intelligence gathering, smuggling case o First aid – asylum seeker Every team will go through every scenario. All scenarios were developed in close cooperation with Frontex Operational Response Division. A team of two trainers manages every scenario. Shift schedule Scenario 1              Scenario 2             Scenario 3 Patrol 1            09:00 – 09:45           11:00 – 11:45          14:00 – 14:45 Patrol 2            14:00 – 14:45           09:00 – 09:45          11:00 – 11:45 Patrol 3            11:00 – 11:45           14:00 – 14:45          09:00 – 09:45 Patrol 4            09:45 – 10:30           11:45 – 12:30          14:45 – 15:30 Patrol 5            14:45 – 15:30           09:45 – 10:30          11:45 – 12:30 Patrol 6            11:45 – 12:30           14:45 – 15:30          09:45 – 10:30 Duty time Patrol 1, 2 and 3: 08:30 – 16:00 (reports submitted to Command Centre) at 08:30 at the HQ conference room for briefing Duty Time Patrol 4, 5 and 6: 09:00 – 16:30 (reports submitted to Command Centre) at 09:00 at the HQ conference room for briefing 16:30 hrs all patrols are at BG HQ (conference room) __________________________________________________________________________________ 19

Tips for trainers for the management of the scenarios Choose a proper location for the scenario, which reflects reality as much as possible. Create a check-list for the necessary equipment and ensure that the equipment is maintained and functional. Arrive early. Give yourself time to arrange and to check all logistics with your scenario and get yourself mentally geared up for the training session. Ensure that you brief the involved actors and that they fully understand the scope of the training. Explain the participants what you’re going to cover. Introduce your exercise with a brief overview of the training subject’s main points, or simply start the exercise with arrival of the Joint Team (depends on the scenario). Ensure that participants understand the influence of stress in this particular exercise and how it can have impact on their decision making process. Do not stop or influence a running exercise / scenario! The scenario shall run without any interruption by trainers. Therefore, it is necessary that the trainers do their notes about their observations for the feedback afterwards. . __________________________________________________________________________________ 20